Master the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and understand why compliance is both ethical and practical.
Why Accessibility Matters
Web accessibility is not about charity, it is about inclusion. 1 in 4 adults in the US have disabilities, and they deserve equal access to digital content. Beyond the moral imperative, accessibility is also a legal requirement in many jurisdictions.
WCAG 2.1 Levels Explained
WCAG compliance comes in three levels. Level A represents minimum compliance where basic accessibility features are present. Level AA is the standard compliance target that addresses most barriers without requiring extensive overhauls. Level AAA provides enhanced accessibility reserved for sites where accessibility is paramount.
The Four Core Principles
The Perceivable principle requires that information must be presented in ways all users can perceive, including text alternatives, captions, adaptable content, and sufficient contrast.
The Operable principle requires that users must be able to navigate and interact through keyboard accessibility, adequate time, and navigation aids.
The Understandable principle requires clear and predictable content with readable text, predictable patterns, and helpful error messages.
The Robust principle requires content that works with assistive technologies through valid HTML and proper ARIA implementation.
Common Compliance Issues
Missing alt text on images is a frequent problem. Poor color contrast makes text unreadable. Keyboard navigation gaps prevent some users from accessing content. Missing form labels confuse screen reader users. Inaccessible video content excludes deaf and hard of hearing users.
Conclusion
WCAG 2.1 Level AA compliance is achievable and worthwhile. Organizations that prioritize accessibility build sites that work better for everyone.