Learn evidence-based approaches to creating assessments that accurately measure learning outcomes.
The Purpose of Assessment
Assessment measures learning and guides instruction. It provides feedback to learners and educators. It certifies competency and achievement. Effective assessment is the foundation of quality education.
Validity and Reliability
Validity ensures assessments measure what they claim to measure. Reliability ensures consistent results across administrations. Both are essential for meaningful assessment. Trade-offs between them require careful balance.
Assessment Types
Formative assessment provides ongoing feedback during learning. Summative assessment measures achievement at the end. Diagnostic assessment identifies learning gaps. Authentic assessment mirrors real-world application.
Item Development
Clear learning objectives guide item creation. Items must align with instructional content. Multiple item types serve different purposes. Review and revision improve item quality.
Avoiding Common Pitfalls
Ambiguous wording confuses test-takers. Irrelevant difficulty measures the wrong things. Cultural bias disadvantages some groups. Poor distractors make items too easy.
Technology in Assessment
Online testing expands accessibility and efficiency. Adaptive testing optimizes measurement precision. Automated scoring increases consistency. Analytics provide deeper insights.
Conclusion
Assessment design is both science and art. Rigorous attention to principles produces assessments that truly measure learning and support educational goals.